{"id":7114,"date":"2025-01-20T13:21:12","date_gmt":"2025-01-20T12:21:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vallesalado.com\/ezagutu-gatz-harana\/historia\/xvi-mendetik-xix-mendera-gatz-ustiapenaren-garapena\/"},"modified":"2025-05-16T08:59:13","modified_gmt":"2025-05-16T06:59:13","slug":"xvi-mendetik-xix-mendera-gatz-ustiapenaren-garapena","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.vallesalado.com\/eu\/ezagutu-gatz-harana\/historia\/xvi-mendetik-xix-mendera-gatz-ustiapenaren-garapena\/","title":{"rendered":"XVI. mendetik XIX. mendera – Gatz-ustiapenaren garapena"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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XVI. mendetik XIX. mendera – Gatz-ustiapenaren garapena<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Valle Salado<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Gatz-ustiapenaren garapena<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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1564an, Felipe II.a erregeak erresumako gatzaga guztiak bereganatu zituen, Gatzaren Monopolioa deritzona sortuz. Antzinako pribilegioak errespetatu bazituen ere, eta A\u00f1anako Oinordekoen Komunitateak jabetzari eutsi arren, ekoizpen osoa errege-biltegi berrietara eraman behar izan zuten, eta haranean ezarritako erregearen funtzionarioek agindutako arau zorrotzen arabera ustiatu behar izan zuten gatza. <\/p>

Errege-administrazioak eta ekoizleek eurek jakitun ziren, gutxienez XVI. mendetik, A\u00f1anako gatzagak ekoizten ari zena baino askoz ere gehiago ekoitz zezakeela, eta akats horren arrazoia, neurri handi batean, aurreko faseko azpiegitura eskasak zirela. Horregatik, errege-agintariek, Juan Manuel de Ballina Errege Errenten Arkitekto Nagusia buru, Gatz Haranaren eraberritze orokortua egitera behartu zituzten jabeak 1801ean, gatzaren kalitatea hobetzea eta, ekoizpen-sistema aldatuz, produktuaren ekoizpena handitzea helburu. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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XIX. mendean, eta frantsesen inbasioaren ondoren, lanak behar baino gehiago atzeratu zituena, aldaketa garrantzitsua gertatu zen haranaren jabetza-araubidean: elizaren ondasunen desamortizazioa, A\u00f1anan 1843ko abuztuan. Horren ondorioz, larrain-multzo ugari – elizek eta monasterioek berriki eraberrituak- eskuz aldatu ziren, salerosketa bidez, eta, aurretiko espekulazioaren ostean, antzinako soldatapeko langileen eskuetara igaro ziren, haranaren jabetzaren atomizazioa eraginda. <\/p>

Azkenik, haraneko historiako gertakari garrantzitsuenen artean, 1868an Isabel II.a tronutik kentzeak eta 1869an izaera liberal nabarmeneko Konstituzioaren eraketak izandako ondorioak aipatu behar dira, urte horretan bertan promulgatu baitzen Meategien Legea, Estatuko gatzaga guztiak salgai jarri eta gatzak errege-monopolio izateari uzteko prozesua abiarazi zuena.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Lege berriaren ondorio nagusien artean, batetik, A\u00f1anako gatz-egileek estatuko ogasunarekin zuten 30.000 anegen kontratu erosoaren haustura zegoen, eta, bestetik, sektorearen liberalizazioa, ekoizpenaren zein komertzializazioaren arloei zegokienez. Lehenbiziko uneetan neurria gaizki hartu bazen ere, errealitatea da lehiaren ondorioz gatzagek ordura arteko hedapenik handiena izan zutela. <\/p>

XIX. mende hasieran buruturiko eraberritze sakonari esker, Gatz Haranak abantaila handiak zituen lehiakideei zegokienez, nabarmen handitu zelako ekoizpena eta kalitate handiko gatz zuria lortu zelako, erakusketa unibertsaletan paratu zutena Londresen (1851 eta 1862), Parisen (1855, 1867, 1878, eta 1889) eta Filadelfian (1876), Hala, A\u00f1anako gatzagak negozio ekonomikoki errentagarria izan zen, XX. mendearen erdialdera arte. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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K.a. 7.500etik K.a. I. mendera<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Hastapenak<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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K. a. I. mendetik K.o. V. mendera<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Erromatar Inperioa<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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V. mendetik VIII. mendera<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Antzinate Berantiarra<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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VIII. mendetik XII. mendera<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Gatz-herrixken Komunitatea<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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XII. mendetik XVI. mendera<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Gesaltza-A\u00f1anaren jaiotza eta bilakaera<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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XVI. mendetik XIX. mendera<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Gatz-ustiapenaren garapena<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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XX. mendea<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Gatz-jardueraren susperraldia<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Argitalpenak<\/a><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gatz-ustiapenaren garapena 1564an, Felipe II.a erregeak erresumako gatzaga guztiak bereganatu zituen, Gatzaren Monopolioa deritzona sortuz. Antzinako pribilegioak errespetatu bazituen ere, eta A\u00f1anako Oinordekoen Komunitateak jabetzari eutsi arren, ekoizpen osoa errege-biltegi berrietara eraman behar izan zuten, eta haranean ezarritako erregearen funtzionarioek agindutako arau zorrotzen arabera ustiatu behar izan zuten gatza. Errege-administrazioak eta ekoizleek eurek jakitun ziren, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":6965,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-7114","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nXVI. mendetik XIX. mendera - Gatz-ustiapenaren garapena - Valle Salado de A\u00f1ana<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vallesalado.com\/eu\/ezagutu-gatz-harana\/historia\/xvi-mendetik-xix-mendera-gatz-ustiapenaren-garapena\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"eu_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"XVI. mendetik XIX. mendera - Gatz-ustiapenaren garapena - Valle Salado de A\u00f1ana\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Gatz-ustiapenaren garapena 1564an, Felipe II.a erregeak erresumako gatzaga guztiak bereganatu zituen, Gatzaren Monopolioa deritzona sortuz. Antzinako pribilegioak errespetatu bazituen ere, eta A\u00f1anako Oinordekoen Komunitateak jabetzari eutsi arren, ekoizpen osoa errege-biltegi berrietara eraman behar izan zuten, eta haranean ezarritako erregearen funtzionarioek agindutako arau zorrotzen arabera ustiatu behar izan zuten gatza. 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